Evolutions of CPUs (WIP)
Bensuperpc February 24, 2025 [Hardware] #Features #x86 #CPU #Processor
Features (Series)
CAN bus under Linux (WIP)
Benchmarking Webp format (WIP)
Tutorial on FFMPEG (WIP)
RTL9210 Firmware and Tools
Comparison of SSDs
Evolutions of CPUs (WIP)
Mesa GPU drivers
Deploy Traefik as a reverse proxy with Kubernetes
C++ Code Coverage with CMake and GCOVR
A guide to SFF PCs (WIP)
CAN bus under Linux (WIP)
Benchmarking Webp format (WIP)
Tutorial on FFMPEG (WIP)
RTL9210 Firmware and Tools
Comparison of SSDs
Evolutions of CPUs (WIP)
Mesa GPU drivers
Deploy Traefik as a reverse proxy with Kubernetes
C++ Code Coverage with CMake and GCOVR
A guide to SFF PCs (WIP)
Introduction
Intel CPU
| Release | Codename | Microarch | CPU Models/Series | SIMD instructions | AES-NI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | 8088/8086 | 8086 | Intel 8088/8086 | No | No |
| 1982 | 80286 | 80286 | Intel 80286 | No | No |
| 1985 | 80386 | 80386 | Intel 80386 | No | No |
| 1989 | 80486 | 80486 | Intel 80486 | No | No |
| 1993 | P6 | P5 | Pentium | No | No |
| 1995 | P6 | P6 | Pentium Pro | No | No |
| 1997 | Klamath | P6 | Pentium II | MMX | No |
| 1998 | Deschutes | P6 | Pentium II | MMX | No |
| 1999 | Katmai | P6 | Pentium III | SSE | No |
| 1999 | Coppermine | P6 | Pentium III | SSE | No |
| 2000 | Willamette | NetBurst | Pentium 4 | SSE2 | No |
| 2001 | Tualatin | P6 | Pentium III | SSE | No |
| 2002 | Northwood | NetBurst | Pentium 4 | SSE2 | No |
| 2004 | Prescott | NetBurst | Pentium 4/D | SSE3 | No |
| 2004 | Cedar Mill | NetBurst | Pentium 4/D | SSE3 | No |
| 2006 | Conroe | Core | Core 2 E6xxx, E1/E2xxx | SSE3 | No |
| 2006 | Kentsfield | Core | Core 2 Q6xxx | SSE3 | No |
| 2007 | Penryn | Penryn | Core 2 E7/E8/Q8/Q9xxx, E2/E5/E6xxx | SSSE3 | No |
| 2008 | Nehalem | Nehalem | Core i3/i5/i7 9xx | SSE4 | No |
| 2010 | Westmere | Westmere | Core i3/i5/i7 xxx, Pentium G69xx | SSE4.2 | Yes |
| 2011 | Sandy Bridge | Sandy Bridge | Core i3/i5/i7 2xxx, Pentium G6xx/G8xx | AVX | Yes |
| 2012 | Ivy Bridge | Ivy Bridge | Core i3/i5/i7 3xxx, Pentium G2xxx | AVX | Yes |
| 2013-2014 | Haswell | Haswell | Core i3/i5/i7 4xxx, Pentium G3xxx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2014 | Broadwell | Broadwell | Core i3/i5/i7 5xxx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2015 | Skylake | Skylake | Core i3/i5/i7 6xxx, Pentium G44xx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2016 | Kaby Lake | Kaby Lake | Core i3/i5/i7 7xxx, Pentium G45xx/G46xx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2018-2019 | Coffee Lake | Coffee Lake | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 8xxx/9xxx, Pentium G5xxx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2019 | Ice Lake | Ice Lake | Core i3/i5/i7 10xxxGx (mobile only) | AVX-512 | Yes |
| 2020 | Comet Lake | Comet Lake | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 10xxx, Pentium G6xxx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2020 | Tiger Lake | Willow Cove | Core i3/i5/i7 11xxxGx (mobile only) | AVX-512 | Yes |
| 2021 | Rocket Lake | Cypress Cove | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 11xxx | AVX-512 | Yes |
| 2021 | Alder Lake | Golden Cove / Gracemont | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 12xxx, Pentium G7xxx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2022 | Raptor Lake | Raptor Cove / Gracemont | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 13xxx/14xxx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2024 | Meteor Lake | Redwood Cove / Crestmont | Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 1xx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2024 | Lunar Lake | Lion Cove / Skymont | Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 2xx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2024 | Arrow Lake | Lion Cove / Skymont | Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 3xx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2025 ? | Nova Lake | Nova Lake | Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 4xx ? | 10.2 | Yes |
Note: Pentium and Celeron processors up to Comet Lake do not support AVX, AVX2 and AVX-512.
AMD CPU
| Release | Codename | Microarch | CPU Models/Series | SIMD instructions | AES-NI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | K5 | K5 | AMD K5 | No | No |
| 1997 | K6 | K6 | AMD K6, K6-II, K6-III | MMX | No |
| 1999 | K7 | K7 | AMD Athlon, Duron | SSE | No |
| 2003 | K8 | K8 | AMD Athlon 64, Opteron | SSE3 | No |
| 2007 | K10 | K10 | AMD Phenom, Phenom II, Athlon II | SSE4a | No |
| 2011 | Bulldozer | Bulldozer | AMD FX x1xx, Opteron (Bulldozer) | AVX | Yes |
| 2014 | Steamroller | Steamroller | AMD APUs (Steamroller) | AVX | Yes |
| 2015 | Excavator | Excavator | AMD APUs (Excavator) | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2017 | Zen | Zen | AMD Ryzen 1xxx, EPYC 7xx1 | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2018 | Zen+ | Zen+ | AMD Ryzen 2xxx | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2019 | Zen 2 | Zen 2 | AMD Ryzen 3xxx, EPYC 7xx2 | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2020 | Zen 3 | Zen 3 | AMD Ryzen 5xxx, EPYC 7xx3 | AVX2 | Yes |
| 2022 | Zen 4 | Zen 4 | AMD Ryzen 7xxx, EPYC 4/8/9xx4 | AVX-512 | Yes |
| 2024 | Zen 5 | Zen 5 | AMD Ryzen 9xxx, EPYC 9xx5 | AVX-512 | Yes |
ARM CPU
| Release | Microarch | CPU Models/Series | Inst. length | SIMD instructions | Out-of-order |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ? | ARMv1 | ARM1 | No | No | |
| ? | ARMv2 | ARM2 | No | No | |
| ? | ARMv3 | ARM6 | 32-bit | No | No |
| 1993 | ARMv4 | ARM7 | 32-bit | No | No |
| 1998 | ARMv5 | ARM9 | 32-bit | No | No |
| 2002 | ARMv6 | ARM11 | 32-bit | No | No |
| 2005 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A8 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2007 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A9 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2009 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A5 | 32-bit | NEON | No |
| 2011 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A7 | 32-bit | NEON | No |
| 2011 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A15 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2012 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A53 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | No |
| 2012 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A57 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2013 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A12 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2014 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A17 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2016 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A72 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2016 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A73 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2016 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A32 | 32-bit | NEON | No |
| 2016 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A35 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | No |
| 2017 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A75 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2017 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A55 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | No |
| 2018 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A76 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2019 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A77 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2019 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A65 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | No |
| 2020 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A78 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2020 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-X1 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2021 | ARMv9 | Cortex-A710 | 32-bit/64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2021 | ARMv9 | Cortex-A510 | 32-bit/64-bit | SVE2 | No |
| 2021 | ARMv9 | Cortex-X2 | 32-bit/64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2022 | ARMv9 | Cortex-A715 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2022 | ARMv9 | Cortex-X3 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2023 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-A520 | 64-bit | SVE2 | No |
| 2023 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-A720 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2023 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-X4 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2024 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-A725 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2024 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-X925 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2024/2025 ? | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-X930 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
Note: Implementation can very by vendor, some may support additional features or optimizations.
Benchmark
PassMark
