Evolutions of CPUs (WIP)
Bensuperpc February 24, 2025 [Hardware] #Features #x86 #CPU #Processor
Features (Series)
CAN bus under Linux (WIP)
Benchmarking Webp format (WIP)
Tutorial on FFMPEG (WIP)
RTL9210 Firmware and Tools
Comparison of SSDs
Evolutions of CPUs (WIP)
Mesa GPU drivers
Deploy Traefik as a reverse proxy with Kubernetes
C++ Code Coverage with CMake and GCOVR
A guide to SFF PCs (WIP)
CAN bus under Linux (WIP)
Benchmarking Webp format (WIP)
Tutorial on FFMPEG (WIP)
RTL9210 Firmware and Tools
Comparison of SSDs
Evolutions of CPUs (WIP)
Mesa GPU drivers
Deploy Traefik as a reverse proxy with Kubernetes
C++ Code Coverage with CMake and GCOVR
A guide to SFF PCs (WIP)
Introduction
Intel CPU
| Release | Microarch | CPU Models/Series | SIMD instructions | FMA3 | AES-NI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | 8088/8086 | Intel 8088/8086 | No | No | No |
| 1982 | 80286 | Intel 80286 | No | No | No |
| 1985 | 80386 | Intel 80386 | No | No | No |
| 1989 | 80486 | Intel 80486 | No | No | No |
| 1993 | P5 (Pentium) | Pentium | No | No | No |
| 1995 | P6 | Pentium Pro | No | No | No |
| 1997 | P6 | Pentium II Klamath | MMX | No | No |
| 1998 | P6 | Pentium II Deschutes | MMX | No | No |
| 1999 | P6 | Pentium III Katmai | SSE | No | No |
| 1999 | P6 | Pentium III Coppermine | SSE | No | No |
| 2000 | NetBurst | Pentium 4 Willamette | SSE2 | No | No |
| 2001 | P6 | Pentium III Tualatin | SSE | No | No |
| 2002 | NetBurst | Pentium 4 Northwood | SSE2 | No | No |
| 2004 | NetBurst | Pentium 4/D Prescott | SSE3 | No | No |
| 2004 | NetBurst | Pentium 4/D Cedar Mill | SSE3 | No | No |
| 2006 | Core | Core 2 E6/Q6xxx, E1/E2xxx | SSE3 | No | No |
| 2007 | Penryn | Core 2 E7/E8/Q8/Q9xxx, E2/E5/E6xxx | SSSE3 | No | No |
| 2008 | Nehalem | Core i3/i5/i7 9xx | SSE4 | No | No |
| 2010 | Westmere | Core i3/i5/i7 xxx, Pentium G69xx | SSE4.2 | No | Yes |
| 2011 | Sandy Bridge | Core i3/i5/i7 2xxx, Pentium G6xx/G8xx | AVX | No | Yes |
| 2012 | Ivy Bridge | Core i3/i5/i7 3xxx, Pentium G2xxx | AVX | No | Yes |
| 2013-2014 | Haswell | Core i3/i5/i7 4xxx, Pentium G3xxx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2014 | Broadwell | Core i3/i5/i7 5xxx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2015 | Skylake | Core i3/i5/i7 6xxx, Pentium G44xx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2016 | Kaby Lake | Core i3/i5/i7 7xxx, Pentium G45xx/G46xx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2018-2019 | Coffee Lake | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 8xxx/9xxx, Pentium G5xxx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2019 | Ice Lake | Core i3/i5/i7 10xxxGx (mobile only) | AVX-512 | Yes | Yes |
| 2020 | Comet Lake | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 10xxx, Pentium G6xxx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2020 | Tiger Lake | Core i3/i5/i7 11xxxGx (mobile only) | AVX-512 | Yes | Yes |
| 2021 | Rocket Lake | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 11xxx | AVX-512 | Yes | Yes |
| 2021 | Alder Lake | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 12xxx, Pentium G7xxx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2022 | Raptor Lake | Core i3/i5/i7/i9 13xxx/14xxx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2024 | Meteor Lake | Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 1xx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2024 | Lunar Lake | Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 2xx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2024 | Arrow Lake | Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 3xx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2025 ? | Nova Lake | Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 4xx ? | 10.2 | Yes | Yes |
Note: Pentium and Celeron processors up to Comet Lake do not support AVX, AVX2 and AVX-512.
AMD CPU
| Release | Microarch | CPU Models/Series | SIMD instructions | FMA3 | AES-NI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | K5 | AMD K5 | No | No | No |
| 1997 | K6 | AMD K6, K6-II, K6-III | MMX | No | No |
| 1999 | K7 (Athlon) | AMD Athlon, Duron | SSE | No | No |
| 2003 | K8 | AMD Athlon 64, Opteron | SSE3 | No | No |
| 2007 | K10 | AMD Phenom, Phenom II, Athlon II | SSE4a | No | No |
| 2011 | Bulldozer | AMD FX x1xx, Opteron (Bulldozer) | AVX | FMA4 | Yes |
| 2014 | Steamroller | AMD APUs (Steamroller) | AVX | Yes | Yes |
| 2015 | Excavator | AMD APUs (Excavator) | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2017 | Zen | AMD Ryzen 1xxx, EPYC 7xx1 | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2018 | Zen+ | AMD Ryzen 2xxx | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2019 | Zen 2 | AMD Ryzen 3xxx, EPYC 7xx2 | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2020 | Zen 3 | AMD Ryzen 5xxx, EPYC 7xx3 | AVX2 | Yes | Yes |
| 2022 | Zen 4 | AMD Ryzen 7xxx, EPYC 4/8/9xx4 | AVX-512 | Yes | Yes |
| 2024 | Zen 5 | AMD Ryzen 9xxx, EPYC 9xx5 | AVX-512 | Yes | Yes |
ARM CPU
| Release | Microarch | CPU Models/Series | Inst. length | SIMD instructions | Out-of-order |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ? | ARMv1 | ARM1 | No | No | |
| ? | ARMv2 | ARM2 | No | No | |
| ? | ARMv3 | ARM6 | 32-bit | No | No |
| 1993 | ARMv4 | ARM7 | 32-bit | No | No |
| 1998 | ARMv5 | ARM9 | 32-bit | No | No |
| 2002 | ARMv6 | ARM11 | 32-bit | No | No |
| 2005 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A8 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2007 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A9 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2009 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A5 | 32-bit | NEON | No |
| 2011 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A7 | 32-bit | NEON | No |
| 2011 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A15 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2012 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A53 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | No |
| 2012 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A57 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2013 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A12 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2014 | ARMv7 | Cortex-A17 | 32-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2016 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A72 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2016 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A73 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | Yes |
| 2016 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A32 | 32-bit | NEON | No |
| 2016 | ARMv8 | Cortex-A35 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON | No |
| 2017 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A75 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2017 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A55 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | No |
| 2018 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A76 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2019 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A77 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2019 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A65 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | No |
| 2020 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-A78 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2020 | ARMv8.2 | Cortex-X1 | 32-bit/64-bit | NEON (opt. SVE) | Yes |
| 2021 | ARMv9 | Cortex-A710 | 32-bit/64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2021 | ARMv9 | Cortex-A510 | 32-bit/64-bit | SVE2 | No |
| 2021 | ARMv9 | Cortex-X2 | 32-bit/64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2022 | ARMv9 | Cortex-A715 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2022 | ARMv9 | Cortex-X3 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2023 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-A520 | 64-bit | SVE2 | No |
| 2023 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-A720 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2023 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-X4 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2024 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-A725 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2024 | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-X925 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
| 2024/2025 ? | ARMv9.2 | Cortex-X930 | 64-bit | SVE2 | Yes |
Note: Implementation can very by vendor, some may support additional features or optimizations.
Benchmark
PassMark
